Class-imbalance Prediction and High-dimensional Risk Factor Identification of Adverse Reactions of Traditional Chinese Medicine with Centralized Monitoring in Real-world Hospitals / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo achieve high-dimensional prediction of class imbalanced of adverse drug reaction（ADR） of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） and to classify and identify risk factors affecting the occurrence of ADR based on the post-marketing safety data of TCM monitored centrally in real world hospitals. MethodThe ensemble clustering resampling combined with regularized Group Lasso regression was used to perform high-dimensional balancing of ADR class-imbalanced data， and then to integrate the balanced datasets to achieve ADR prediction and the risk factor identification by category. ResultA practical example study of the proposed method on a monitoring data of TCM injection performed that the accuracy of the ADR prediction， the prediction sensitivity， the prediction specificity and the area under receiver operating characteristic curve（AUC） were all above 0.8 on the test set. Meanwhile， 40 risk factors affecting the occurrence of ADR were screened out from total 600 high-dimensional variables. And the effect of risk factors on the occurrence of ADR was identified by classification weighting. The important risk factors were classified as follows：past history， medication information， name of combined drugs， disease status， number of combined drugs and personal data. ConclusionIn the real world data of rare ADR with a large amount of clinical variables， this paper realized accurate ADR prediction on high-dimensional and class imbalanced condition， and classified and identified the key risk factors and their clinical significance of categories， so as to provide risk early warning for clinical rational drug use and combined drug use， as well as scientific basis for reevaluation of safety of post-marketing TCM.

Value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound liver imaging reporting and data system version 2017 and MRI liver imaging reporting and data system version 2018 in predicting the malignant risk of focal liver lesion / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To compare the predictive value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) Liver Imaging Reporting and Date System(LI-RADS) version 2017 with magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) LI-RADS version 2018 applied alone or in combination for focal liver lesions in high-risk patients.Methods:From January 2018 to October 2021, the clinical and imaging datas of 212 patients with 300 nodules underwent CEUS and contrast-enhanced MRI(CEMRI) within 4 weeks in Ruijin Hospital and its Wuxi branch were retrospectively analyzed. Each nodule was categorized according to the CEUS LI-RADS v2017 and CT/MRI LI-RADS v2018. Inter-modalities agreement was assessed with Cohen′s Kappa. The diagnostic performances of the two classification criteria applied alone and in combination for the predictive value of malignant risk of focal liver lesions were compared using histopathology or follow-up as gold standard.Results:The inter-modalities agreement of CEUS LI-RADS v2017 and MRI LI-RADS v2018 was moderate (Kappa=0.441). The specificity of CEUS LR-5, MRI LR-5 and CEUS LR-5+ MRI LR-5 in the diagnosis of HCC was 93.66%, 95.07% and 88.73% ( P>0.05), respectively, positive predictive values of them were 93.13%, 93.81% and 89.81%( P>0.05), respectively. The sensitivity of CEUS LR-M, MRI LR-M and CEUS LR-M+ MRI LR-M in the diagnosis of non-HCC malignancy was 85.71%, 82.86% and 100%, respectively. CEUS LR-M+ MRI LR-M had higher sensitivity than MRI LR-M( P=0.033), whereas no difference was found between CEUS LR-M+ MRI LR-M and CEUS LR-M( P=0.063). Conclusions:The inter-modalities agreement of the LI-RADS category between CEUS and MRI is moderate. The specificity and positive predictive values of HCC in LR-5 of the CEUS and MRI LI-RADS are comparable. In addition, the sensitivity of non-HCC malignancy in LR-M of the CEUS and MRI LI-RADS are comparable. The combined application of CEUS and MRI LR-M can improve the diagnostic sensitivity of non-HCC malignancy.

Effects of Active Components of Naoxintong Capsule on the Proliferation of HUVEC and Its JAK/STAT Signal Pathway，Vasoactive Substances ，Adhesion Molecules and Inflammatory Factors / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To study the effects of the main active components of Naoxintong capsule （NXTC）on the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cell（HUVEC） and its key protein JAK/STAT signal pathway ， vasoactive substances ，adhesion molecules and inflammatory factors so as to clarify the m echanism of NXTC for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. METHODS ：The effects of different concentration of 12 active components [caffeic acid（1.56-200 μmol/L），ferulic acid （1.56-200 μmol/L），senkyunolide H （3.125-200 μmol/L），n-butylidenephthalide（3.125-200 μmol/L），ligustilide（1.56-200 μmol/L），cryptotanshinone（0.625-80 μmol/L），tanshinol sodium （1.56-200 μmol/L），paeoniflorin （1.56-200 μmol/L），formononetin（1.56-200 μmol/L），salvianolic acid B （1.56-200 μmol/L），catechin（1.56-200 μmol/L）and astragaloside Ⅳ（1.56-200 μmol/L）] on the proliferation of HUVECs were evaluated by CCK- 8 assay. The effects of above active components（3 dose groups ，setting up 0 μmol/L blank control group，hereinafter）on mRNA expression of key proteins JAK 2， STAT3，Akt，ERK in JAK/STAT signal pathway were measured by RT-PCR. The effects of each active component on the expression of PAI- 1，VCAM-1，ICAM-1，VEGF and NF-κB p65 were detected by ELISA. RESULTS ：Ferulic acid （6.25，25-200 μg/mL），senkyunolide H （6.25-200 μmol/L），ligustilide（200 μmol/L），cryptotanshinone（10-80 μmol/L），paeoniflorin（1.56， 6.25，12.5 μmol/L），salvianolic acid B （1.56-12.5 μmol/L，200 μmol/L）and catechin （25 μmol/L）could significantly inhibit the proliferation of HUVECs ；caffeic acid （1.56，12.5 μmol/L），ligustilide（50 μmol/L），trashinol sodium （6.25 μmol/L）and paeoniflorin（1.56，100，200 μmol/L）could significantly promote the proliferation of HUVECs （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared with blank control group ，mRNA expression of JAK 2，STAT3 and Akt were decreased significantly in some dose groups of ferulic acid，formononetin，salvianolic acid B and astragaloside Ⅳ（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）；the expression of PAI- 1 were significantly decreased in some dose groups of caffeic acid ，ferulic acid and n-butylphthalide；the expression of ICAM- 1 and VCAM- 1 were decreased significantly in some dose groups of caffeic acid ，ferulic acid ，n-butenylphthalide，cryptotanshinone，formononetin and catechin；the expression of NF-κB p65 were decreased significantly in some dose groups of ferulic acid ，n-butenylphthalide， formononetin，salvianolic acid B and astragaloside Ⅳ；the expression of VEGF were increased significantly in some dose groups of caffeic acid and catechin （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS ：The active components of Naoxintong capsule may play the role of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis by inhibiting the expression of JAK/STAT signal pathway key protein mRNA and PAI- 1，ICAM-1，VCAM-1，NF-κB p65 in HUVEC ，and promoting the expression of VEGF.

Study on the characteristics of"indulgence of vein"in patients with hepatic alveolar echinococcosis / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To explore the physiological characteristics of vascular invasion of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis(HAE) and the growth pattern of lesion.Methods 120 cases with HAE were all scanned by 256 slices MSCT,then the images were taken three-dimensional reconstruction.A comparison between pathology and images were made for the evaluation of vascular invasion.Results Pathological examination showed that the invasion rate of intrahepatic vein(left hepatic vein,middle hepatic vein,right hepatic vein, inferior vena cava),portal vein and hepatic artery were 34.38%,31.11%,22.50%,respectively.176 branches of the intrahepatic vein, 67 branches of the hepatic artery and 127 branches of portal vein were involved.Combined with the pathology,the Kappa values were 0.868,0.725 and 0.844.Conclusion HAE is easy to involve the intrahepatic veins as it grows,considering its"indulgence of vein"feature.In order to improve the targeting effect,the mode of administration could be changed.MSCT can exactly evaluate the invasion of intrahepatic vessels,providing important basis for clinical treatment.

MR signal and spectroscopy analysis of lumbar spine bone marrow in Tibetan / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the MR signal intensity and spectroscopy characteristics of lumbar bone marrow in normal adult of Tibetan and Han nationality in high altitude.Methods According to the inclusion criteria,lumbar MRI examinations in Tibetan and Chinese volunteers(each 50 cases)were obtained.For each inspector,the lumbar 3 vertebra was selected,TFE sequence was used to measure the signal strength,T2map was used to measured the T2time,and 1H-MRS was used to measure the lumbar bone marrow spectrum signal.The measured data were statistically analyzed.Results Compared with the Han nationality in Xining area,T1-TFE sequence of Tibetan showed obvious low signal in the lumbar vertebra.The relative signal intensity were significantly different(P=0.001).For measurement of T2time,there was no significant differences(P=0.061).The spectrum analysis showed a line of low fat high water for Tibetan,and a line of low water high fat for Han nationality in Xining area.There were significant differences for water peak intensity,Width, Height and peak Area,but no significant differences in Lipid peak.There were significant differences(P<0.05)on Lipid water absorption ratio, fat water ratio,fat fraction between the two groups.Conclusion The Tibetan shows a low signal on T1WI sequence of lumbar spine which is considered in hypoxia condition for a long time,and the bone marrow red pulp associated with water content increased sig-nificantly.

The value of DWI in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis growth activity in children / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To assess the value of magnetic resonance diffusion weighted imaging(DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficients(ADC) values of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis(HAE) in children.Methods 20 cases of children(≤14 years) with HAE were collected in this restrospective study.PNM staging was determined, the HAE peripheral area of DWI lesions with different P stages was observed, and the ADC value of the peripheral area was measured.The comparison of alveococcus lesions in different stages of DWI with continuous edge degree and ADC value difference was done to evaluate the growth activity.Results There were 5 cases of P1 lesions, 7 cases of P2 lesions, 2 cases of P3 lesions and 6 cases of P4 lesions.DWI features of peripheral area were as follows: High signal ring band between HAE lesion edge and adjacent normal hepatic parenchyma was observed.P1 lesions showed almost complete obviously high signal peripheral area, indicating the most active proliferation, P2 and P3 lesions of peripheral area were continuous and with high signal, and still had obvious growth activity.P4 lesions of peripheral area were not continuous, while the signal decreased, indicating the activity also decreased.The highest ADC value was detected in P1 lesions group of and the ADC value of P2 lesions group were lower than P1, and the ADC value of P4 lesions group were the lowest.P3 lesions samples were too small and thus no statistical analysis was done.Differences of ADC value between the three groups were statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion DWI image features could be used to assesse the growth activity of HAE in children with different stages to a certain extent.ADC values measurement provides important reference value for evaluating the growth activity at various stages of the lesions.

Anti-aging Effect Study of Ethyl Acetate Extract from Folygonum multiflora on Caenorhabditis Elegans / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To study the lifespan effect of ethyl acetate extract from Polygonum multiflora(EPM)on caenorhab-ditis elegans,and to investigate its anti-aging effect. METHODS:EPM low-concentration,medium-concentration and high- concen-tration groups(25,37.5,50 mg/L,calculated by crude drug)and blank group(0 mg/L)were established to investigate the effects of EPM on the lifespan of caenorhabditis elegans. EPM group(37.5 mg/L)and blank group(0 mg/L)were established to perform re-productive test,acute heat stress test and acute oxidative stress test of caenorhabditis elegans. The effects of EPM on reproductive capacity and pressure stress of caenorhabditis elegans were investigated. RESULTS:The lifespan test,average lifespan of cae-norhabditis elegans in EPM low-concentration,medium-concentration and high-concentration groups were prolonged significantly, compared to blank group(P<0.05 or P<0.01),especially in EPM medium-concentration group. In reproductive test,the number of offspring of caenorhabditis elegans in EPM group on the second and third day were increased significantly,compared to blank group (P<0.05). In acute heat stress test and acute oxidative stress test,average survival time of caenorhabditis elegans in EPM group was prolonged significantly(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:37.5 mg/L EPM can retard the aging process of caenorhabditis ele-gans and doesn’t damage the reproductive capacity.

B cells activation stimulated by autophagosomes derived from tumor cells / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To study B cells proliferation and activation induced by tumor derived-autophagosomes ( TDA). Methods:Splenocytes of mice were incubated with 10μg/ml TDAs in vitro ( with the 10μg/ml whole cell lysate as the control).At the 3rd day,the expression of MHCⅠ,Ⅱand co-stimulate molecules including CD86,CD40 were detected by flow cytometry,and B cells proliferation was detected at the 5th day.B cells were selected from spleen of mice using anti-CD43 dynabeads,and incubated with 10μg/ml TDA in vitro ( with the same concentrated whole tumor cell lysate as the control).At the 7th day,IgM in the supernatant were tested by ELISA.Results:When compared with whole cell lysate stimulated B cells,TDA efficently stimulated B cells division in vitro ( TDA group:28.6%, Whole cell lysate group:4.4%) , and significantly up-regulated the expression of MHC class Ⅰ,Ⅱ and co-stimulatory molecules (CD86 and CD40) on B cells,and enhanced the levels of total IgM secretion in vitro.Conclusion:Tumor-derived autophagosomes ( TDA) ,as a vacuole antigen vector, could stimulate B cells proliferation, activation, and increased IgM secretion in vitro.

Comparative analysis of the promoting blood effects of the combination of different proportions of danggui and honghua by the principal component analysis and multi-attribute comprehensive index methods / 药学学报

The combination of Danggui and Honghua (GH) is a popular herb pair commonly used in clinic for the treatment of blood stasis syndrome in China. To evaluate the activating blood circulation and dissipating blood stasis effects of the combination of different proportions of Danggui and Honghua on acute blood stasis rats, and optimize the proportion of GH to have the best activating blood circulation and dissipating blood stasis effect. Acute blood stasis rat model was induced by subcutaneous injection of adrenaline and ice water bath. The blood stasis rats were administrated intragastrically with GH (1 : 0, 4 : 1, 2 : 1, 3 : 2, 1 : 1, 2 : 3, 1: 2, 1 : 4 and 0 : 1) extracts. The whole blood viscosity (WBV), plasma viscosity (PV), and high shear whole blood relative index (HSWBRI), low shear whole blood relative index (LSWBRI), and erythrocyte aggregation index (EAI) were tested to observe the effects of GH on hemorheology of blood stasis rats. And the maximum aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP) was tested to observe the effect of GH on platelet aggregation index of blood stasis rats. In addition, the prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and plasma fibrinogen (FIB) were tested to observe the effects of GH on blood coagulation function of blood stasis rats. Then principal component analysis and multi-attribute comprehensive index methods were both used to comprehensively evaluate the total activating blood circulation and dissipating blood stasis effects of GH. The results showed that the hemorheological indexes and coagulation parameters of model group both had significant differences with normal group. Compared with model group, GH (1 : 0, 4 : 1, 2: 1, 3 : 2, 1 : 1, 2 : 3, 1 : 2, 1 : 4 and 0 : 1) could improve all the blood hemorheology indexes and regulate part indexes of blood coagulation function and platelet aggregation in acute blood stasis rats. Based on principal component analysis and multi-attribute comprehensive index methods, GH 1 : 1 and GH 3 : 2 both had the best effect of blood circulation and dissipating blood stasis, and the effect of GH 1 : 1 was slightly better than GH 3 : 2. These results suggest that GH could obviously ameliorate the abnormality of hemorheology and blood coagulation function in acute blood stasis rats. The optimized proportion of GH was consistent with regulations of medicine usage that GH 1 : 1 had the highest frequency used in traditional Chinese formulae. It could provide scientific basis for more effective application of the compatibility between Danggui and Honghua in modern clinic medicine.

Comparing tonifying blood effects of Danggui-Honghua with different proportions on blood deficiency mice / 中国药理学通报

Aim To observe the differences of tonify-ing blood effect for the combination of Danggui and Honghua ( GH) with different proportions on blood de-ficiency mice, and choose the proportion of GH which has the optimal tonifying blood effect. Methods The blood deficient mice model was induced by injection of phenylhydrazine and cyclophosphamide. On the basis of multi-attribute comprehensive index method, the op-timal dose was determined through three doses of GH 1: 1 , which was the highest frequency proportion of GH used in the “Dictionary of Chinese Medicine Prescrip-tions”. According to the optimal dose, the change reg-ulation of tonifying blood effect of GH with different proportions was observed. Results Among three do- ses (1, 3 and 5 times of clinical dose), the tonifying blood effect of GH was best when the dosing concentra-tion of GH was clinical dose. Among nine proportions (1 : 0, 4 : 1, 2 : 1, 3 : 2, 1 : 1, 2 : 3, 1 : 2, 1 : 4 and 0 : 1), GH 1 : 1 had the best effect. Conclusion The results are consistent with regulations of medi-cine usage that GH 1 : 1 has the highest frequency used in Herbal Formulae, which could provide scientif-ic basis for more effective application of Danggui and Honghua in modern clinic medicine.

Value of computed tomography in the diagnosis and resect-ability evaluation of hilar cholangiocarcinoma / 中华消化外科杂志

Computed tomography (CT) has become a very important method for preoperative examination for hilar cholangiocarcinoma.In this article,the multidetector helical CT findings of 20 patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma who were confirmed by surgical pathological examination or biopsy in the Ruijin Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University from September 2010 to September 2012 were retrospectively analyzed to investigate the value of muhidetector helical CT in the diagnosis and resectability evaluation of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.All the 20 patients received dynamic contrast enhanced CT scanning after abdominal plain scanning,including arterial phase and portal venous phase scanning.Six patients received additional delayed phase scanning for 3-4 minutes.Muhi-phase reconstruction (MPR) and CT angiography were performed after the scanning.The location and sizes of lesious,the range of invasion of adjacent vessels,swelling of lymph nodes of hilar and retroperitoneum,and hepatic metastasis were recorded.The results showed that only 8 lesions were found on CT plain scanning,and they were presented as hypodense nodules.All lesions were showed on contrast enhanced images.Five cases with infiltrating type were showed as focal wall thickness of hilar bile duct,ringlike enhancement appeared on arterial phase scanning,and the enhancement was more apparent in portal venous and delayed phasc scanning.Eight cases with intraductal growing type demonstrated as intraductal nodules,obvious enhancement was detected on delayed phase scanning,and the dilation of intrahepatic bile duct was also found.Seven cases of tumoral type showed as mass located in hilar region and involved adjacent vessels and partial hepatic parenchyma.Diffused or local dilation of bile duct could be seen on CT images.Combination of 2and 3-dimensional reconstruction images can show more clearly of hilar cholangiocarcinoma lesions,invasion of hepatic arery or portal vein,segmental atrophy and metastasis of lymph nodes and liver.One-stop CT examination combined with axial multiphase dynamic contrast enhanced scanning with MPR and CT angiography of multidetector helical CT can clearly show the lesions of hilar cholangiocarcinoma,improve the preoperative tumor staging and help to design the surgical treatment.

Metabolomic study of the action mechanism of nourishing blood effect of fo-shou-san on blood deficiency mice / 药学学报

The metabolic effect of Fo-Shou-San on blood deficiency mice was studied by using metabolomic method. UPLC-QTOF/MS was used to analyze the plasma metabolome in blood deficiency mice. MS data were processed by MarkerLynx software. With multivariate statistical analysis of plasma metabolite profiles, a clear separation among control, blood deficiency model, and Fo-Shou-San groups was achieved. Potential biomarkers were selected according to the parameters of variable importance in the projection (VIP) and identified according to MS information and database retrieval. The metabolic network of blood deficiency was predicted via MetPA database. Twenty-two potential biomarkers were identified and used to explain the thiamine metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, histidine metabolism, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, cysteine and methionine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, tyrosine metabolism and citrate cycle (TCA cycle). Those metabolic pathways were disturbed in blood deficiency mice, but which could be regulated nearly to normal state after Fo-Shou-San administration. In this study, the metabolomics of blood deficiency mice and the action mechanism of nourishing blood effect of Fo-Shou-San were evaluated. The physiological and metabolic state of the organism could be represented comprehensively by using metabolomics. And metabolomics can be used to evaluate the pharmacodynamics and related mechanisms of Chinese medicine and formulae.

Interaction of nourishing and tonifying blood effects of the combination of Angelicae sinensis Radix and Astragali Radix studied by response surface method / 药学学报

The combination of Angelicae sinensis Radix (Danggui, DG) and Astragali Radix (Huangqi, HQ) is a popular herb pair commonly used in clinic for the treatment of blood deficiency syndrome in China. The aim of this paper is to study the interaction of DG and HQ nourishing and tonifying blood effects by response surface method. The blood deficiency mice were induced by injecting N-acetylphenylhydrazine (sc) and cyclophosphamide (ip). The blood deficiency mice were administrated intragastrically with DG-HQ extracts (0:1, 1: 5, 2:5, 2:3, 1:1, 3:2, 5:2, 5:1, 1:0). The changes of the peripheral blood indexes and organ indexes were observed. The indexes were integrated by comprehensive index method; the interactions of DG and HQ were analyzed by the response surface diagram established with Matlab software. The results showed that DG and HQ at most of their combination ratios had synergic effect. Within the range of 1:5 - 5:1, all of the extracts of DG-HQ showed synergic effect, and among which, high-doses had better effects than low-doses. The highest value (-1) of the synergic effect was showed when DG was 10 - 40 g at the same time of HQ as 90 -180 g, and DG was 50 - 100 g at the same time of HQ as 20 - 100 g. DG-HQ at all combination dosages within Chinese Pharmacopeia (DG: 6 - 12 g, HQ: 9 - 30 g) had certain synergic effect, and Danggui Buxue Decoction (DG: 6 g, HQ: 30 g) also was at this range. The results provided scientific basis to the clinical application of DG and HQ. And the response surface method was firstly applied to quantitatively evaluate the bio-activity change of herb combination, which provided a novel way for modern basic research on the interaction of herbs.

Enriching blood effect comparison in three kinds of blood deficiency model after oral administration of drug pair of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Chuanxiong Rhizoma and each single herb / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Through establishing different blood deficiency animal model, to evaluate enriching blood effect changes of the drug pair of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Chuanxiong Rhizoma and each single herb, and to explore the effect characteristics of their compatibility.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Three different methods of acetyl phenylhydrazine (APH) hemolytic method, cyclophosphamide (CTX) chemical damage method, APH-CTX complex method were used respectively to copy different blood deficiency model mice. Changes of orbit blood routine, thymus index, spleen index and ATPase activity of red cell membrane of model mice were tested.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Compared with normal group, all indexes had significant differences in three model mice. The drug pair and each single herb had significant impact on most indexes of the APH-CTX complex model mice, and on the individual indexes of APH hemolytic model mice and CTX chemical damage model mice. Therefore, APH and CTX complex blood deficiency model was more suitable for the enriching blood mechanism study of the drug pair of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Chuanxiong Rhizoma. Compared with the single herb of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Chuanxiong Rhizoma, the drug pair of them had presented enriching blood effect at different extent with strengthening trend in regulating the invigorating blood indexes, immune organs and energy metabolic enzymes.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results of this research have provided scientific basis for revealing the mutual promotive composition law of the drug pair of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Chuanxiong Rhizoma, and responded effectively the mult-link and mult-target effect characteristics of Chinese medicine bio-effect, to offer reference for the bio-effect research of the complicated substance group of Chinese medicine and traditional Chinese medicine formulae, and to supply demonstrative reference for researching the formulae compatibility law which takes the single drug-drug pair-formulae as main line.</p>

Antidysmenorrheic effects of Radix angelica and Rhizoma Chuanxiong with different proportions and preparation methods on dysmenorrhea model mice / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of Radix Angelica and Rhizoma Chuanxiong with different proportions (1 : 0, 2 : 1, 1.5 : 1, 1 : 1, 1 : 1.5, 1 : 2, 0 : 1), different extraction in order (by water, by ethanol, firstly by alcohol then by water) on dysmenorrhea model mice in order to observe their compatibility rules and material foundation.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The mice model of primary dysmenorrhea was used to study the effect of Radix Angelica and Rhizoma Chuanxiong with different proportions and preparation methods on writhing response and the levels of nitric oxide and calcium ion in mice uterine tissue.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Danggui-Chuanxiong (1. 5 : 1) and solution extracted firstly by alcohol then by water showed the strongest effect on primary dysmenorrhea by reducing the writhing times, increasing nitric oxide (NO) concentration and reducing calcium ion (Ca2+) concentration in uterine tissue.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Radix Angelica and Rhizoma Chuanxiong with different proportions and preparation methods showed different antidysmenorrheic trend on dysmenorrhea model mice, which was related with the containing constituents.</p>

Assessment of liver fibrosis in different degree: preliminary study on multi-slice CT perfusion imaging / 中华消化杂志

Objective To evaluate the role of multi-slice CT (MSCT) perfusion in early diagnosis of liver fibrosis. Methods Thirty-three subjects underwent CT perfusion of the liver. Among whom, 11 subjects were volunteers without hepatic disease and the other 22 subjects were pathologically confirmed with liver fibrosis who were further divided into slight (n= 10) and severe (n=12)liver fibrosis according to the lshak system. Parameters of CT perfusion were measured and compared among three groups. Results The mean hepatic arterial fraction in controls, light and severe fibrosis tended to increase with the severity of liver fibrosis[(18. 49 ± 9. 69) %, (19. 92 ± 6.01) % and (21.31±7.47)% ,respectively], and the mean mean transit time tended to decrease with the severity of liver fibrosis [(13.80 ± 2. 60) s, (12.35 ± 1.31) s and (12.19 ± 3.33) s, there was no significant difference in all parameters between any two groups (P>0.05). Conclusions Quantitative measurement of hepatic blood supply can be obtained by CT perfusion. Some parameters will be helpful in staging fibrosis to a certain extent. But its clinical usefulness for the evaluation of the early diagnosis may not be affirmed yet.

Clinical study on volumetric variation of liver and spleen in liver fibrosis and cirrhosis / 中华消化杂志

Objective To assess the volumetric variation of liver and spleen in early diagnosis of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis.Methods One hundred and thirty-seven subjects underwent dynamic enhanced examination of liver and spleen using multi-slice CT(MSCT).Forty potential living liver donors were served as controls.Sixty-three histologically proved fibrotic patients were divided into slight liver fibrosis(F≤2,n=44)and advanced liver fibrosis(F≥3,n=19)according to the Ishak system.Liver cirrhosis group consisted of 34 patients diagnosed clinically and radiologically.The measurement of total liver volume(TLV),right liver lobe volume(RV),left lateral liver segment volume(LLV),left medial liver segment volume(LMV),eaudate lobe volume(CV)and spleen volume(SV)were obtained bv MSCT.The ratios of segmental liver and SV to TLV were also calculated.Results The values of liver volumes(TLV,RV and LMV)reduced gradually among control(1470.38 cm3,933.34 cm3,216.20 cm3,respectively),slight liver fibrosis(1239.99 cm3,799.74 cm3,184.69 cm3,respectively),advanced liver fibrosis(1219.76 cm3,765.22 cm3,179.44 cm3,respectively)and cirrhosis(1078.21 cm3,543.73 cm3,163.12 cm3,respectively) groups.The volume of SV and the ratios of CV/TLV and SV/TLV increased gradually among control (256.29 cm3,3.09%,17.53%),slight liver fibrosis(284.41 cm3,3.20%,22.91%),advanced liver fibrosis(343.13 cm3,3.58%,28.80%)and cirrhosis(863.38 cm3,4.16%,82.91%)groups.There was significant difference among control,liver fibrosis and cirrhosis group in TLV,RV,LMV and SV/TLV(P＜0.05),but there was no significant difference in all parameters between the slight liver fibrosis group and the advanced liver fibrosis group(P＞0.05).There was significant correlation of TLV,LMV,SV,RV,CV/TLV,SV/TLV,RV/TLV and LLV/TLV with liver cirrhosis and its staging.Conclusion Variations in liver and spleen volume,the ratios of segmental liver and SV/TLV are correlated with the extent of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis.which will be helpful in early detection of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis.

The study of liver volume measurements by multi-slice spiral CT / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To compare the two liver volume measurements using multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT)for clinical reference.Methods Twenty-four patients with hepatic disease awaiting orthotopic liver transplantation underwent muhiphase MSCT of the upper abdomen.Liver volumes using two measurements(manual volume measurement and semi-automated volume measurement)before transplantation were compared with the actual liver volume(ALV)measured during transplantation by means of water displacement.Both measurements were timed.Correlation coefficient.one way ANOVA and Bland-Altman tests were used for statistical analysis.Results The mean liver volume estimated with the manual method and the semi-automated method were(1360±157)cm3 and(1345±152)cm3.respectively.The actual liver volume was(1307±153)cm3.There was no significant diffierence between the volumes measured using the three methods(F=0.032,P＞0.05).For all the patients,there Was significant correlation between liver volume measured by MSCT and the actual liver volume.There was a good correlation between the liver volume measured by manual method and the actual liver volume(r=0.976,P＜0.05),so did the correlation between the liver volume measured by semi-automated method and the actual liver volume (r=0.987,P＜0.05).And the semi-automated method took much shorter time[(9.2±1.8)min]compared with the manual method [(23.2±5.8)min ].Conclusion Semi-automated method provided acceptable measurements for liver volume.